According to Stephan Roget, writing at Ranker, most people who were not vaporized by the bomb itself faced burns which melted clothing to their skin, dehydration, building fragments from the force of the blast, blindness, and death by radiation within days. All this was suffered against the backdrop of human remains, rubble, and ash littering the ground. Many doctors were killed in the attack, while those who survived were seldom able to mitigate the effects (via Atomic Heritage Foundation). This is due to both the understandable lack of understanding on radiation damage, and American occupation forces classifying information vital to treatment. In the immediate aftermath, people had to face these horrific circumstances as they searched for or buried whoever they could find. 

Many children were left orphaned, something that the Yakuza (the Japanese equivalent to the Mafia, via Britannica) took advantage of. Either out of desperation or because they were kidnapped and sold, many orphans found themselves in the employment of the Yakuza (via Deutsche Presse-Agentur). If they were among survivors left with visible burns from the bombing, they were also often discriminated against, as their condition was believed to be not only contagious, but hereditary. Despite the hardship they faced, many survivors have worked to share their stories with subsequent generations and tell them what total war would mean in the modern world (via TIME).